Gallinago megala Swinhoe, 1861

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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Gallinago megala:

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 3
Specimens with Barcodes: 3
Species With Barcodes: 1

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorSujeevan Ratnasingham, Paul D.N. Hebert, Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD)
Sourcehttp://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/Taxbrowser_Taxonpage?taxid=52537

IUCN Red List Assessment:
Red List Category

LC
Least Concern

Red List Criteria

Version

3.1

Year Assessed

2012

Assessor/s

BirdLife International

Reviewer/s

Butchart, S. & Symes, A.

Contributor/s

Justification

This species has an extremely large range, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the range size criterion (Extent of Occurrence <20,000 km2 combined with a declining or fluctuating range size, habitat extent/quality, or population size and a small number of locations or severe fragmentation). The population trend is not known, but the population is not believed to be decreasing sufficiently rapidly to approach the thresholds under the population trend criterion (>30% decline over ten years or three generations). The population size may be moderately small to large, but it is not believed to approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population size criterion (<10,000 mature individuals with a continuing decline estimated to be >10% in ten years or three generations, or with a specified population structure). For these reasons the species is evaluated as Least Concern.

History

  • Least Concern (LC)
  • Least Concern (LC)
  • Least Concern (LC)
  • Lower Risk/least concern (LR/lc)
  • Lower Risk/least concern (LR/lc)
  • Lower Risk/least concern (LR/lc)
Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorInternational Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
Sourcehttp://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/22693090

Adult very similar to Pintail, bill longer, tail projects more beyond wing-tips.

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorKaterina Tvardikova
Sourcehttp://pngbirds.myspecies.info/content/gallinago-megala

Not Threatened.

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorKaterina Tvardikova
Sourcehttp://pngbirds.myspecies.info/content/gallinago-megala

Description:

形态 上体黑褐色，杂有土黄棕色的纵纹和红褐色横斑与斜纹。头部中央的纵纹苍白色，至枕后转为淡红棕色。眉纹亦苍白。肩羽和三级飞羽外翈边缘土黄棕色，因而形成4条显著的纵带。飞羽深褐色，初级飞羽的羽轴较暗。翅折合时初级飞羽长出三级飞羽甚。尾羽灰褐色，具有黄白色的尖梢；中央几枚尾羽有栗红色带斑。颏白色，喉、颈、上胸土黄色，缀灰棕色斑。腹部白色，但两胁和腋下多黑褐色横斑纹。翼下覆羽暗褐色，缀白色细纹。两性相似。
虹膜暗褐色。嘴基灰绿或角黄色，先端黑褐色。腿草绿色或黄绿色。
量衡度 (mm，g；中国科学院动物研究所标本)
性别 体重 全长 嘴峰 翅尾 跗蹠
♂♂(8) 122 264 59．7 136 53 32．4
(110—140) (258—280) (55—64) (133—139) (50—55) (31—34)
♀♀(7) 128 267 63．7 135 54 32
(100—145) (255—280) (58—72) (130—144) (52—57) (30—34)

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorEOL China Regional Center
SourceNo source database.

Population:

Population

The global population is estimated to number c.25,000-100,000 individuals (Wetlands International 2006), while national population estimates include: c.50-10,000 individuals on migration in China; c.50-1,000 individuals on migration and c.50-1,000 wintering individuals in Taiwan; < c.1,000 individuals on migration and < c.1,000 wintering individuals in Japan and c.100-10,000 breeding pairs and c.50-1,000 individuals on migration in Russia (Brazil 2009).

Population Trend

Unknown
Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorInternational Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
Sourcehttp://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/22693090

Taxonomy:

亚种分化 无亚种分化。

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/Author王岐山 马鸣 高育仁,2006, EOL China Regional Center
SourceNo source database.

Swinhoe's snipe:

Swinhoe's snipe, Gallinago megala, also known as forest snipe or Chinese snipe, is a medium-sized (length 27–29 cm, wingspan 38–44 cm, weight 120 gm), long-billed, migratory wader.

The common name commemorates the British naturalist Robert Swinhoe.[2]



Identification[edit]

Identifiable as a Gallinago snipe by its cryptically patterned black, brown, buff and white plumage, but not easily distinguished from Latham's and pin-tailed snipe in the field. Commonly referred to as cho suekyung in South Korea.

Distribution[edit]

Breeds mainly in central and southern Siberia and Mongolia. Entire population migrates and spends non-breeding season principally in eastern and southern India, Sri Lanka, south-eastern China, South-East Asia and New Guinea. Recorded on migration in eastern China, and occasionally Japan. Records in Australia mainly from the Top End of the Northern Territory and from north-western Western Australia.

Habitat[edit]

Breeding habitat: forest glades and meadows. Non-breeding habitat: shallow freshwater wetlands of various kinds including paddy fields and sewage farms, with bare mud or shallow water for feeding, with nearby vegetation cover.

Food[edit]

Mainly small invertebrates including earthworms, mollusks and insects.

Breeding[edit]

Display flights and drumming by the males.

Conservation[edit]

Because of wide range and no evidence of significant population decline, the species is assessed as being of Least Concern.

References[edit]

  1. ^ BirdLife International (2012). "Gallinago megala". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 26 November 2013. 
  2. ^ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael (2003). Whose Bird? Men and Women Commemorated in the Common Names of Birds. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 331–332. 

Further reading[edit]

Identification[edit]

  • Carey, Geoff and Urban Olsson (1995) Field Identification of Common, Wilson's, Pintail and Swinhoe's Snipes Birding World 8(5): 179-190
Wikispecies has information related to: Gallinago megala
Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorWikipedia
Sourcehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Swinhoe's_snipe&oldid=641398873

Biology:

栖息于河川、沼泽草地、芦苇丛、干燥或潮湿的田野。食物为昆虫、甲壳
类和植物等。据郑作新等(1963)，1956年4月中旬在云南的勐腊采得一号标本，胃内
有鳞翅目幼虫(90％)及植物碎片。在河北白洋淀曾发现它们啄食湿土中的水蚯蚓。据
诸葛阳(1990)，亦食小鱼、小虾等。可能在中国东北乌苏里江地区有繁殖个体。
春季，大沙锥经过香港的时间是3—4月，高峰期在4月上旬，约比扇尾沙锥
(G．gallinago)迟2周，比针尾沙锥(G．stenura)迟约1周(Carey et al．，2001)。

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/Author王岐山 马鸣 高育仁,2006, EOL China Regional Center
SourceNo source database.

Adult very similar to Pintail, bill longer, tail projects more beyond wing-tips.

Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/AuthorKaterina Tvardikova
Sourcehttp://pngbirds.myspecies.info/node/595
Scratchpads developed and conceived by (alphabetical): Ed Baker, Katherine Bouton Alice Heaton Dimitris Koureas, Laurence Livermore, Dave Roberts, Simon Rycroft, Ben Scott, Vince Smith